上传文件¶
上传到本地目录¶
配置文件定义上传文件路径
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')
文件上传对象的属性和方法
名称 说明 file.name 获取上传的名称 file.size 获取上传文件的大小（字节） file.read() 读取全部（适用于小文件） file.chunks() 按块来返回文件，通过for循环进行迭代，可以将大文件安装块来写入到服务器 file.multiple_chunks() 判断文件是否大于2.5M 返回True或者False urls.py增加路由urlpatterns = [ path('upload/', views.handle_upload, name='upload'), ]
views.py文件内容from django.conf import settings from django.http import HttpResponse from django.shortcuts import render def handle_upload(request): if request.method == "POST": fobj = request.FILES.get('photo') # 使用自定义文件上传类 path = settings.MDEIA_ROOT from upload.utils import FileUpload fp = FileUpload(fobj) if fp.upload(path): return HttpResponse("文件上传成功") return render(request, 'xxx.html')
封装文件上传类
可以自定义一个类实现文上传，文件上传类可以：
检查文件类型
检查文件大小
是否生成随机文件名
utils.py文件内容import os from datetime import datetime from random import randint class FileUpload: def __init__(self, file, exts=('png', 'jpg', 'jpeg'), size=1024*1024, is_random_name=False): """ :param file: 文件上传对象 :param exts: 文件类型 :param size: 文件大小，默认1M :param is_random_name: 是否是随机文件名，默认是否 """ self.file = file self.exts = exts self.size = size self.is_random_name = is_random_name # 文件上传 def upload(self, dest): """ :param dest: 文件上传的目标目录 :return: """ # 1 判断文件类型是否匹配 if not self.check_type(): return -1 # 2 判断文件大小是否符合要求 if not self.check_size(): return -2 # 3 如果是随机文件名，要生成随机文件名 if self.is_random_name: file_name = self.random_name() else: file_name = self.file.name # 4 拼接目标文件路径 path = os.path.join(dest, file_name) # 5 保存文件 self.write_file(path) return 1 def check_type(self): ext = os.path.splitext(self.file.name) # 获取文件后缀 if len(ext) > 1: ext = ext[1].lstrip('.') if ext in self.exts: return True return False def check_size(self): if self.size < 0: return False # 如果文件大小小于给定的大小，返回True，否则返回False return self.file.size <= self.size def random_name(self): filename = datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S")+str(randint(1, 10000)) ext = os.path.splitext(self.file.name) # 获取文件后缀 ext = ext[1] if len(ext) > 1 else '' filename += ext return filename def write_file(self, path): with open(path, 'wb') as fp: if self.file.multiple_chunks(): for chunk in self.file.chunks(): fp.write(chunk) else: fp.write(self.file.read())
上传到腾讯云COS¶
upload.py文件内容from qcloud_cos import CosConfig, CosServiceError from qcloud_cos import CosS3Client from django.conf import settings from django.http import HttpResponse from django.shortcuts import render import os import sys import logging logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, stream=sys.stdout) config = CosConfig(Region=settings.COS_REGION, SecretId=settings.COS_SECRET_ID, SecretKey=settings.COS_SECRET_KEY, Token=None) client = CosS3Client(config) logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) def index_app(request): return render(request, 'myadmin/upload/upload.html') def upload_app(request): cos_name = request.POST['cos_name'] app_env = request.POST['app_env'] if cos_name == '0': logger.warning("没有选择存储桶类型") return HttpResponse("没有选择存储桶类型") elif app_env == '0': logger.warning("没有选择APP版本包类型") return HttpResponse("没有选择APP版本包类型") else: cos_bucket_name = None cos_url = None cos_path = None for i in settings.COS_BUCKET_NAME: if int(cos_name) == i[0]: cos_bucket_name = i[1] cos_url = i[2] for j in settings.COS_PATH: if int(app_env) == j[0]: cos_path = j[1] app_name = request.FILES.get("upload", None) # 根据表单name获取文件信息 if not app_name: logger.warning("没有选择APP版本包信息") return HttpResponse("没有选择APP版本包信息") filename = request.FILES["upload"].name # 获取文件名 root_path = os.path.join(settings.MEDIA_ROOT, 'upload_app') # 生成文件上传目录 if not os.path.exists(root_path): # 判断文件上传目录是否存在 os.makedirs(root_path) # 不存在，则创建 file_path = os.path.join(root_path, filename) destination = open(os.path.join(root_path, filename), 'wb+') for chunk in app_name.chunks(): # 分块写入文件 destination.write(chunk) destination.close() try: response = client.upload_file( Bucket=cos_bucket_name, LocalFilePath=file_path, # 本地图片路径 Key=cos_path + filename, # 上传路径 ACL='public-read', PartSize=10, MAXThread=10, EnableMD5=False ) context = {} if response['ETag'] != "": os.remove(file_path) # 上传成功，删除本地图片 logger.info(f"upload path: {cos_bucket_name}/{cos_path}, URL: {cos_url}, APP name: {filename}, 上传成功") context = {'info': f'上传成功！URL: {cos_url}{cos_path}{filename}'} except CosServiceError as e: logger.error(f"{e.get_digest_msg()}, 上传失败") context = {'info': f'上传失败！error: {e.get_digest_msg()}'} return render(request, "myadmin/info.html", context)
urls.py文件内容from django.conf.urls import url from django.urls import path from dev_ystar_app import upload urlpatterns = [ path('upload/', upload.index_app, name='upload'), # 上传图片至腾讯云COS path('upload/app/', upload.upload_app, name="upload_app"), ]
upload.html模板内容<h3> 上传 APP </h3> <form id="edit-profile" action="{% url 'upload_app' %}" class="form-horizontal" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"> {% csrf_token %} <fieldset> <legend>上传 APP</legend> <div class="control-group"> <div class="controls"> <label class="control-label" for="cos_name">* 存储桶类型：</label> <select name="cos_name" id="cos_name" onChange="change()"> <option value="0">--请选择--</option> <option value="1">Ystar</option> <option value="2">Bingoo</option> </select> </div> </div> <div class="control-group"> <div class="controls"> <label class="control-label" for="app_env">* APP类型：</label> <select name="app_env" id="app_env"> <option value="0">--请选择--</option> </select> </div> </div> <div class="control-group"> <div class="controls"> <label class="control-label" for="upload">* APP版本包：</label> <input type="file" name="upload" class="input-xlarge" id="upload"/> </div> </div> <div class="form-actions"> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">上传</button> <button type="reset" class="btn">重置</button> </div> </fieldset> </form> <script> function change() { var x = document.getElementById("cos_name"); var y = document.getElementById("app_env"); y.options.length = 0; // 清除second下拉框的所有内容 if(x.selectedIndex == 0) { y.options.add(new Option("--请选择--", "0", false, true)); // 默认选中 } if(x.selectedIndex == 1) { y.options.add(new Option("Ystar Android Dev", "1", false, true)); // 默认选中 y.options.add(new Option("Ystar Android Prod", "2")); } if(x.selectedIndex == 2) { y.options.add(new Option("Bingoo Android Dev", "3", false, true)); // 默认选中 y.options.add(new Option("Bingoo IOS Dev", "4")); y.options.add(new Option("Bingoo Android Prod", "5")); y.options.add(new Option("Bingoo IOS Prod", "6")); } } </script>